带状疱疹民间俗称“蛇缠腰”，和水痘一样都由水痘-带状疱疹病毒引发，只是在不同时期，表现为不同的疾病。水痘是一种全身性的皮肤感染性疾病，多数在儿童时期发病。水痘消退之后，水痘-带状疱疹病毒并没有被消灭，而是潜伏到人体的神经节中，与机体共存一生。当机体抵抗力下降时，水痘-带状疱疹病毒会再度被激活，进行大量复制，可能会引发带状疱疹。出疹前会出现发热、头痛、肌痛等非特异性症状，数天后出现皮疹。皮疹通常位于身体的一侧，呈带状分布，并伴有疼痛。
02 带状疱疹有何危害？
*神经痛是带状疱疹典型临床表现之一，可为钝痛、抽搐痛或跳痛，常伴有烧灼感，多为阵发性，也可为持续性，可能让人“痛不欲生”或“长痛不已”。
* 急性期疼痛，如灼烧、电击、刀刺般，可能更甚于分娩阵痛、类风湿关节炎、慢性癌痛等。
* 老年带状疱疹患者的急性期疼痛可能更常见且严重，可能会导致焦虑、睡眠障碍、无法正常工作或生活。
* 如果家中有老人得带状疱疹，可能会将病毒传染给家中的孩子，使其患上水痘。
03 如何正确应对带状疱疹？
要提前预估潜在风险，中老年人群因年龄增加导致免疫衰退，本身容易罹患带状疱疹，而在感染新冠病毒后，可能患上带状疱疹的风险会更高，可及时接种带状疱疹疫苗预防。
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