本周是第二个国际带状疱疹关注周，作为一种高发于50岁及以上中老年人的感染性疾病，带状疱疹严重影响中老年人的健康和生活质量。专家提醒：带状疱疹防大于治，尽早接种疫苗、早期积极干预可以有效降低患病风险。
水痘—状疱疹病毒初次感染会引起水痘，愈合后残留的病毒潜伏于脊神经后根及颅神经的神经节中。当人体免疫力下降时，病毒就会被再次激活，引发带状疱疹。
据央视新闻，超90%的成人体内有水痘带状疱疹病毒，疱疹病毒不能被彻底清除。带状疱疹虽然症状在皮肤上，实际上却是神经系统疾病。
带状疱疹后神经痛对患者危害非常大，发作时最高可达十级痛感，患者像被“刀割、火烧、针刺”。专家提醒，相比于一般人，患有糖尿病、慢性肾病、心血管疾病的人群发生带状疱疹疾病的风险更高，而带状疱疹又会严重影响患者本身的慢病控制。
“比如一个糖尿病的病人患有带状疱疹，有一些用药方面可能会影响他的血糖，糖尿病病人本身又有一些周围神经的病变，带状疱疹病毒也是噬神经性的，对慢性疾病是有影响的。”南京市鼓楼区宝塔桥社区卫生服务中心门诊主任常雪端说。
数据显示，中国50岁及以上人群每年新发带状疱疹约156万人，年龄越大越容易患病，病情也更严重。
如何降低疾病危害？
带状疱疹有时会被误认为是接触性皮炎、虫咬性皮炎、脓疱疮。
预防带状疱疹的方法包括：提高基础抵抗力、均衡饮食、适度锻炼以及接种疫苗。
专家表示，首要措施是预防，将疾病管理关口前移，避免精神压力、劳累等诱因，提高机体免疫力。此外，还通过接种疫苗降低发病的风险。
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