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Thank you for contacting the HSVnet Email Response Service; we are glad to be of service to you. We are a program of the American Social Health Association, a non-profit organization, and are dedicated to educating people about oral and genital herpes.

It is sometimes possible for the herpes virus to be spread to a partner even when the herpes symptoms are not occuring. There is not always a risk of herpes spreading-- sometimes the virus is truly dormant (asleep) and could not spread to anyone else. But because it is not possible always to know when it is safe and when it is not, many couples use condoms for making love even when no herpes outbreak is occuring.

Herpes is spread through direct skin-to-skin contact. This occurs when a contagious area comes into direct contact with a mucous membrane, such as the penis, vagina or anus. Genital herpes can be contracted through genital-to-genital contact with someone who has genital herpes or by receiving oral sex from someone who has oral herpes.

If a person is experiencing symptoms, we recommend abstaining from genital activity until signs have healed and the skin looks normal again. Symptoms of herpes normally heal within two to twelve days with or without the use of treatment.

As we said earlier, it is sometimes also possible for herpes to be transmitted when there are no symptoms present. There are several days throughout the year, known as asymptomatic shedding or asymptomatic reactivation, during which the virus reactivates yet causes no symptoms. This time of being contagious without symptoms is infrequent, however, occurring about 2% to 6% of days in a given year. This equates to roughly 7 to 22 days, thus the virus is truly dormant and not contagious for the great majority of the time when there are no symptoms present. Although this asymptomatic shedding is infrequent, consistent use of condoms for genital-to-genital contact can significantly reduce the risk of transmission. Some couples who are in a mutually monogamous relationship choose to forego the use of condoms. This is a personal decision between partners and one that should be based on factors other than just herpes. Also, daily suppressive therapy of Valtrex taken by the diagnosed individual has been shown to reduce the risk of transmission to a partner by as much as 50%.

We hope this information is helpful to you. Please don't hesitate to again use this email service if you feel that we can be of further assistance.